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1.
Distúrb. comun ; 35(2): 58068, 02/08/2023.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1452388

ABSTRACT

O envelhecimento acarreta mudanças em todos os aspectos da vida, sendo caracterizado por uma modificação nas funções sociais, mentais e corporais. No Sistema Estomatoglossognático, é possível observar alterações significativas, começando pela fase preparatória da deglutição e da função de mastigação, decorrente da perda dos dentes, a qual é responsável pela trituração do alimento, formação do bolo alimentar e perda do tônus dos músculos que são responsáveis pelos movimentos mastigatórios. Esta pesquisa observou como as alterações dentárias em idosos podem repercutir na sua alimentação. Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal, com amostra de 33 idosos frequentadores da Igreja Evangélica Assembleia de Deus em Alagoas, no município de Coqueiro Seco. Foi feita aplicação de um instrumento de coleta, o qual possuía perguntas baseadas no MBGR e na escala EAT-10. Os resultados mostraram que há um grande número de idosos que fazem uso de prótese dentária, refletindo na execução da função mastigatória, escolha da consistência alimentar e aspectos socioemocionais. As próteses dentárias, quando bem adaptadas, podem gerar um ganho significativo ao paciente, permitindo uma alimentação que não interfere na sua postura social, nem em suas questões emocionais. (AU)


Aging causes changes in all aspects of life, being characterized by a change in social, mental and bodily functions. In the Stomatoglossognathic System, it is possible to observe significant changes, starting with the preparatory phase of swallowing and the chewing function, resulting from the loss of teeth; which is responsible for crushing food, formation of food bolus and loss of muscle tone that are responsible for masticatory movements. This research observed how dental changes in the elderly can affect their diet. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out, with a sample of 33 elderly people attending the Evangelical Assembly of God Church in Alagoas, in the municipality of Coqueiro Seco. A collection instrument was applied, which had questions based on the MBGR and the EAT-10 scale. The results showed that there is a large number of elderly people who use dental prosthesis, reflecting on the performance of masticatory function, choice of food consistency and socio-emotional aspects. Dental prostheses, when well adapted, can generate a significant gain for the patient, allowing a diet that does not interfere with their social posture, nor with their emotional issues. (AU)


El envejecimiento provoca cambios en todos los aspectos de la vida, caracterizándose por un cambio en las funciones sociales, mentales y corporales. En el Sistema Estomatoglosognático, es posible observar cambios significativos, a partir de la fase preparatoria de la deglución y de la función masticatoria, resultantes de la pérdida de dientes; que se encarga de triturar los alimentos, formación de bolos alimenticios y pérdida de tono muscular que son responsables de los movimientos masticatorios. Esta investigación observó cómo las alteraciones dentales en los adultos mayores pueden afectar su alimentación. Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal, con una muestra de 33 ancianos asistentes a la Iglesia Evangélica Asamblea de Dios de Alagoas, en el municipio de Coqueiro Seco. Se aplicó un instrumento de recolección, el cual contó con preguntas basadas en el MBGR y la escala EAT-10. Los resultados mostraron que existe un gran número de ancianos que utilizan prótesis dental, reflexionando sobre el desempeño de la función masticatoria, elección de la consistencia de los alimentos y aspectos socioemocionales. Las prótesis dentales, bien adaptadas, pueden generar una ganancia importante para el paciente, permitiendo una alimentación que no interfiere con su postura social, ni con sus problemas emocionales. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging , Dentition , Feeding Behavior , Social Isolation , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Restoration Failure , Eating/psychology
2.
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ; : 56-56, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-880374

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND@#The prevalence of obesity and overweight in childhood has increased dramatically over the past decades globally. Thus, the risk factors of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents must be studied.@*OBJECTIVES@#This study aimed to reveal the prevalence of childhood obesity and examine the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and z-body mass index (z-BMI) via parental obesity and dietary intake using path analysis.@*METHODS@#Stratified cluster sampling was used to select 17,007 participants aged 6-12 years on two avenues per region in urban, suburban, and rural areas. Path analysis was conducted to examine the mediators between SES and z-BMI.@*RESULTS@#The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 13.36% and 8.60%, respectively, and were positively correlated with the father's education level, family income, a birth weight > 3000g, a parental obesity history, vegetable intake and red meat intake (all P < 0.05). Four mediators (paternal obesity history, red meat intake, vegetable intake, and nutritional supplements) were observed, and the four path analyses were significant (all P < 0.05). The adjusted total effects on z-BMI were significant for income (β@*CONCLUSIONS@#The prevalence of overweight/obesity in children was notable, and the relationship between SES and z-BMI was mediated by paternal obesity history and dietary intake.


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , China/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Eating/psychology , Fathers/statistics & numerical data , Obesity/psychology , Pediatric Obesity/etiology , Social Class
3.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 42(4): 382-388, July-Aug. 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132090

ABSTRACT

Objective: Eating behavior is affected by psychological and neurocognitive factors. However, little is known about this relationship in anxious patients. Our aim was to investigate the associations between impulsivity, inhibitory control, energy-dense food consumption, and body mass index (BMI) in women with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 51 adult females with GAD answered the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and participated in a go/no-go task using food images. Anthropometric measurements were evaluated. A food frequency questionnaire and a snack test were used to study eating behavior. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were performed to analyze the variables of interest, adjusted by age. Results: Impulsivity predicted intake of sugar (p = 0.016, 95%CI 0.67-6.05), total fat (p = 0.007, 95%CI 0.62-3.71), and saturated fat (p = 0.004, 95%CI 0.30-1.48). The snack test showed a positive correlation between presence of impulsivity and intake of biscuits (R = 0.296; p = 0.051). Response inhibition to food images in the go/no-go task paradigm did not predict BMI or food intake. Conclusion: Impulsivity was predictive of higher sugar and saturated fat intake in women diagnosed with GAD. Our findings add to the literature regarding the association between neuropsychological factors and food consumption in this specific population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Anxiety Disorders/complications , Eating/psychology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Impulsive Behavior , Anxiety Disorders/psychology , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
4.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 47(2): 286-291, abr. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1115500

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Las emociones tendrían un rol en la elección, calidad y cantidad de alimentos ingeridos, lo que llevaría al aumento o disminución del peso corporal. La relación entre las emociones y la conducta alimentaria es bidireccional y es dependiente del contexto, de la variabilidad de la emoción en cuanto a su valencia, excitación e intensidad, así como de la variabilidad fisiológica del sujeto. Dentro del contexto de la obesidad, se ha descrito el concepto del "comedor emocional" como aquel individuo que utiliza los alimentos como un mecanismo disfuncional para afrontar sus emociones negativas (ira, apatía, frustraciones, entre otras). Estas emociones negativas estarían más presentes en situaciones de alto estrés percibido, lo que conllevaría al aumento de la ingesta de alimentos llamados "reconfortantes", como lo son aquellos altos en azúcares y grasas. La presencia del comer emocional sería más prevalente en mujeres que en hombres; en personas obesas que en aquellas con estado nutricional normal y en contextos de restricción alimentaria. Las últimas investigaciones señalan que la forma en cómo regulamos nuestras emociones permitirían controlar la cantidad o calidad de los alimentos que se ingieren, siendo una estrategia efectiva para el control alimentario.


ABSTRACT Emotions may have a role in the choice, quality and quantity of food ingested, which may lead to an increase or decrease in body weight. The relationship between emotions and eating behavior is bidirectional and is dependent on the context, the variability of the emotion in terms of its valence, excitation and intensity, as well as physiological variability. Within the context of obesity, the concept of the "emotional eater" has been described as an individual who uses food as a dysfunctional mechanism to cope with negative emotions (anger, apathy, and frustrations, among others). These negative emotions would be more present in situations of high perceived stress, which would lead to an increase in the intake of so-called "comfort foods", such as those high in sugars and fats. The presence of emotional eating would be more prevalent in women than in men; in obese people than in those with normal nutritional status and in contexts of food restriction. The latest research indicates that the way in which we regulate our emotions would allow us to control the quantity or quality of the food we eat and an effective strategy for food control.


Subject(s)
Humans , Eating/psychology , Emotions/physiology , Feeding Behavior , Stress, Psychological , Food Preferences/psychology
5.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 25(3): 1051-1060, mar. 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089470

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este artigo descreve a relação de mães enlutadas com a alimentação, com base na fenomenologia existencial, considerando que o espaço familiar alimentar, protagonizado pela matriarca, pode ser perturbado com a perda de um filho. Foram realizadas entrevistas com quinze mães frequentadoras de Organizações Não Governamentais de apoio ao luto, com idade entre 40 e 61 anos. Da análise emergiram quatro eixos temáticos que indicam como a mãe enlutada se comporta no contexto da alimentação: a ausência de fome e do prazer em se alimentar; o ato de compartilhar refeições versus o luto materno; o confronto com a "cadeira vazia"; reações e sentimentos diante da culinária que simboliza a memória do filho. A influência que o luto exerce na relação das mães com a alimentação foi evidenciada de diversas maneiras, seja na ausência de fome, na alteração do peso e na falta do(a) filho(a) nas interações sociais durante as refeições compartilhadas, representando os desafios da mãe perante uma "mesa que encolheu", exigindo das mesmas novas significações frente à alimentação. Compreende-se que a relação da enlutada com a alimentação é permeada de conflitos que a expõe a risco de desvios nutricionais e demanda apoio com profissionais sensíveis e esclarecidos sobre essa condição.


Abstract This article describes the relationship of bereaved mothers with eating habits, based on the existential phenomenology considering that the family food space, led by the matriarch, can be disturbed due to the loss of a child. Interviews were conducted with fifteen women attending non-governmental bereavement support groups, aged between 40 and 61 years of age. Based on the analysis of the interviews, four thematic categories emerged revealing how grieving mothers behave: loss of appetite and pleasure in eating food; the action of sharing meals versus maternal mourning; the confrontation with the "empty chair"; and reactions due to the culinary act that symbolizes the memory of the child. The influence of grief on the relationship between mothers and food was verified in several ways, either in the loss of appetite, the body weight change or in the absence of the child in the social interactions during shared meals, which represent the challenges of the mother facing the "table that shrank," calling for the mothers to find new meanings for eating. It is understood that the relationship of the bereaved mother with food is surrounded by conflicts that expose the mother to nutritional risks and demands support from professionals who are both sensitive and well informed about this condition.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Grief , Eating/psychology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Mothers/psychology , Middle Aged , Mother-Child Relations
6.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 47(1): 97-104, feb. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092749

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) relacionados con la ingesta de sal/sodio en niños, desde la perspectiva de los cuidadores. Este, es un estudio de corte transversal en el que participaron 2997 cuidadores que asistieron a una sesión educativa sobre alimentación saludable realizada en el marco del proyecto "Acciones Complementarias del Programa de Alimentación Escolar y Maná Infantil" de la Gobernación de Antioquia, liderado por la Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética de la Universidad de Antioquia, entre agosto y septiembre de 2015. Al recolectar la información, se obtuvo que un alto porcentaje de encuestados refieren no conocer la diferencia entre sal y sodio (79,1%) y desconocen la cantidad de sodio contenida en los alimentos que consumen sus hijos; no obstante, consideran importante limitar la ingesta de sal en los niños. Finalmente, se identifica un alto número de personas dispuestas a disminuir la ingesta de sal en sus hijos, pero no sucede lo mismo cuando se hace referencia al sodio, debido a que se requiere un conocimiento más especializado y específico para tomar decisiones relacionadas con el contenido de este mineral en los alimentos, dado que está oculto.


The present study aims to identify the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to salt / sodium intake in children from the perspective of caregivers. We conducted a crosssectional study involving 2997 caregivers who attended an educational session on healthy eating carried out within the framework of the project "Complementary Actions of the School Feeding Program and Children's Mana" carried out by the Government of Antioquia and led by the School of Nutrition and Dietetics of the University of Antioquia between August and September 2015. When collecting the information, it was found that a high percentage of persons surveyed reported not knowing the difference between salt and sodium (79.1%) and not knowing the amount of sodium contained in their child's foods; however, they considered the limiting of salt intake important for their children. Finally, a high percentage of participants were willing to reduce the salt intake of their children, but this was not the case with regard to sodium, because more specialized and specific knowledge is required to make decisions related to the content of this mineral in food, since it is hidden.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Caregivers/psychology , Sodium Chloride, Dietary/administration & dosage , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Parent-Child Relations , Health Education , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sodium Chloride, Dietary/adverse effects , Colombia , Eating/psychology
7.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1143843

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association between body weight perception and quality of diet among Brazilian adolescents. Methods: The sample was composed of 71,740 adolescents aged from 12 to 17 years-old enrolled in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes - ERICA), carried out during 2013-2014. Body weight perception was self-reported. Food consumption was assessed by food record and quality of diet index for Brazilian adolescents (DQIA-BR) was calculated, considering the balance, diversity, and diet composition. The quality of diet was compared according to weight perception for the entire sample and after stratification by nutritional status. Linear regression models were used to assess the association between body weight perception and quality of diet. Results: Among the studied adolescents, 14.7 and 30.3% reported to be underweight or overweight in relation to their desired weight, respectively. Those who perceived themselves as overweight had lower quality of diet (DQIA-BR=16.0 vs. 17.4 points; p<0.001). After stratification by BMI, adolescents with normal weight (DQIA-BR=15.3 points) or overweight (DQIA-BR=16.1 points), but who perceived themselves as overweight showed lower quality of diet when compared to their peers. In adjusted analysis, overweight perception (β= -0.51; 95%CI -0.77; -0.24) was associated to lower quality of diet. However, this association was no longer significant after stratification by BMI status. Conclusions: Body weight perception can influence the consumption of healthy foods and the quality of diet, especially for those who consider themselves overweight. However, this association is influenced by nutritional status.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre percepção de peso corporal e qualidade da dieta de adolescentes brasileiros. Métodos: A amostra estudada foi composta de 71.740 adolescentes de 12-17 anos participantes do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes (ERICA) realizado entre 2013 e 2014. A percepção do peso corporal foi avaliada por questionário autoaplicável; o consumo alimentar, por recordatório alimentar; e a qualidade da dieta pelo índice de qualidade da dieta de adolescentes brasileiros (IQDA-BR), considerando o equilíbrio, a diversidade e a composição da dieta. A qualidade da dieta foi comparada de acordo com a percepção do peso para toda a amostra e após estratificação por índice de massa corpórea (IMC). Modelos de regressão linear foram utilizados para avaliar a associação entre distúrbios na percepção do peso e qualidade da dieta. Resultados: Entre os adolescentes, 14,7 e 30,3% percebiam-se abaixo ou acima do peso, respectivamente. Aqueles que se percebiam acima do peso apresentaram menor qualidade da dieta (IQDA-BR=16,0 vs. 17,4 pontos; p<0,001). Após estratificação por IMC, adolescentes com peso normal (IQDA-BR=15,3 pontos) ou excesso de peso (IQDA-BR=16,1 pontos), mas que se percebiam como acima do peso, apresentaram pior qualidade da dieta se comparados ao demais. Em análise ajustada, perceber-se acima do peso (β= -0,51; intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC95% -0,77; -0,24) foi associado a pior qualidade da dieta, porém essa associação perdeu significância após a estratificação por IMC. Conclusões: A percepção do peso corporal parece influenciar o consumo de alimentos saudáveis e a qualidade da dieta principalmente daqueles que se consideram acima do peso, contudo essa associação é influenciada pelo estado nutricional.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Weight Perception/physiology , Body Image/psychology , Diet/trends , Eating/psychology , Self Concept , Brazil/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Linear Models , Nutritional Status/physiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet/statistics & numerical data , Overweight , Self Report , Heart Disease Risk Factors , Nutritive Value
8.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 69(4): 202-208, dic. 2019. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1103626

ABSTRACT

Se ha reportado que el contexto universitario propicia un hábito alimentario inadecuado, orientado al consumo de alimentos de conveniencia caracterizados por ser de bajo costo, hipercalóricos, altos en grasas saturadas y de escaso valor nutritivo lo que aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. En este contexto, la evidencia refiere que algunos indicadores psicológicos como mayores niveles de satisfacción vital y apoyo familiar se relacionan con una dieta de mayor calidad al mismo tiempo que es asociada a un menor índice de masa corporal. Sin embargo, existe un vacío teórico respecto a las distintas caracterizaciones de comportamientos alimentarios que guían la toma de decisiones relacionadas con las preferencias y consumo de alimentos en población universitaria. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la relación existente entre caracterizaciones de comportamiento alimentario con el bienestar psicológico de estudiantes universitarios en el norte de Chile. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 647 estudiantes residentes en las ciudades de Arica y Antofagasta, el promedio de edad fue de 22 años, se utilizó el cuestionario de bienestar psicológico de Carol Ryff y el cuestionario holandés de conductas alimentarias. Los resultados indican que la ingesta emocional tiene el mayor efecto sobre el bienestar psicológico relacionándose significativa y negativamente con todas sus dimensiones, la tendencia restrictiva se asoció con autoaceptación, relaciones positivas y autonomía, finalmente la ingesta externa no reportó ningún efecto sobre el bienestar psicológico. Es necesario generar más evidencia de la relación entre variables psicológicas y alimentación(AU)


It has been reported that the university context fosters an inadequate eating habit, oriented to the consumption of convenience foods characterized by being low cost, hypercaloric, high in saturated fat and low nutritional value, which increases the risk of developing chronic noncommunicable diseases. In this context, the evidence refers that some psychological indicators such as higher levels of life satisfaction and family support are related to a higher quality diet while being associated with a lower body mass index. However, there is a theoretical gap regarding the different characterizations of eating behaviors that guide decision making regarding food preferences and consumption in the university population. The objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between characterizations of eating behavior with the psychological well-being of university students in northern Chile. The sample consisted of 647 students residing in the cities of Arica and Antofagasta, the average age was 22 years, the Carol Ryff psychological well-being questionnaire and the Dutch food behavior questionnaire were used. The results indicate that emotional intake has the greatest effect on psychological well-being by being significantly and negatively related to all its dimensions, the restrictive tendency was associated with self-acceptance, positive relationships and autonomy; finally, external intake did not report any effect on psychological well-being. It is necessary to generate more evidence of the relationship between psychological variables and food(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Personal Satisfaction , Affect , Eating/psychology , Feeding Behavior , Universities , Diet, Food, and Nutrition , Food Addiction
9.
CoDAS ; 31(3): e20180080, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011926

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a autopercepção das condições alimentares de idosos usuários de prótese dentária, verificando sua interferência na alimentação. Método Participaram 60 idosos com idade entre 60 e 88 anos, usuários de prótese dentária total ou parcial, que frequentam assiduamente o Centro de Convivência Nair Ventorin Gurgacz - FAG em Cascavel, Paraná. Todos os indivíduos responderam a um questionário de identificação e ao protocolo Índice de Determinação da Saúde Bucal Geriátrica (GOHAI). Resultados Os idosos do estudo, maioria mulheres e usuários de prótese removível bimaxilar com mais de 30 anos, classificam sua alimentação como "boa" e não possuem preferência por consistência alimentar, embora frequentemente sintam dor ao mastigar os alimentos. A média pontuada no protocolo GOHAI foi classificada como "ruim" e o maior prejuízo dos idosos ocorreu no domínio físico, que engloba questões relacionadas à mastigação, deglutição e fala. Não foram constatadas relações entre o tempo de utilização da prótese dentária com a idade e os escores do GOHAI. Conclusão Embora os idosos raramente tenham queixa sobre o modo de se alimentar, referindo desconforto ou constrangimento, apresentam uma média abaixo do esperado no protocolo, indicando que, ainda que não relatem, muitas modificações podem estar acontecendo, gradativamente, e que soam como naturais, gerando prejuízos à qualidade de vida em alimentação do idoso.


ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the self-perception of the food conditions of elderly users of dental prosthesis, in order to verify the interference that dental prosthesis has in their feeding. Methods The present study counted with 60 elderly, participants of the Centro de Convivência Nair Ventorin Gurgacz (Community Center), aged between 60 and 88 years old. All participants answered to a questionnaire elaborated by the researchers and the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Results The elderly who participated in this study, mostly women, used a bimaxillary removable prosthesis for over 30 years; although they classified their nutrition as "good" and did not present preference for specific food consistency, they frequently felt pain while chewing. The average score of the GOHAI was 29.73, considered "low", the index dimension with worst score was physical function, that includes eating, speaking and swallowing. No relation was observed between time of use of dental prosthesis, age and the GOHAI scores. Conclusion The elderly rarely complaint about discomfort or embarrassment on feeding, however, they present an average lower than expected in the GOHAI index, which indicates that, although they do not report it, many deteriorations, that seem to be natural may be happening and may be the cause of worst quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Self Concept , Dental Prosthesis/psychology , Eating/psychology , Quality of Life , Brazil , Geriatric Assessment , Oral Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Dental Prosthesis/adverse effects , Dental Prosthesis/statistics & numerical data , Deglutition/physiology , Eating/physiology , Food , Mastication/physiology , Middle Aged
10.
Rev. chil. salud pública ; 23(1): 21-30, 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1371744

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN. El Programa de Alimentación Complementaria del Adulto Mayor (PACAM) es un programa chileno destinado a prevenir y recuperar el daño nutricional en los adultos mayores. La escasa adherencia de los últimos años motiva este estudio. OBJETIVO. Comprender cuáles son los motivos de la baja adherencia de las personas mayores a la ingesta de los productos del PACAM (bebida láctea y crema en polvo fortificada llamada 'Años Dorados'), con el fin de proponer alternativas de mejora del programa desde los propios intereses y valoraciones de los usuarios adultos mayores. MÉTODO. Es un estudio cualitativo de carácter fenomenológico y hermenéutico enfocado en la interpretación del significado de las experiencias individuales subjetivas. El estudio realizado el primer semestre del 2017, conllevó 20 entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a los adultos de ambos sexos beneficiarios del PACAM de la comuna de Hualpén, Chile. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIÓN. Olor, sabor, consistencia, formas de preparación y cantidad de los formatos son algunos de los elementos organolépticos definidos por las personas mayores, mientras los elementos externos incluyen calidad de vida, red social, influencia de otros usuarios, relación con los profesionales en los servicios de salud, cotidianidad y hábitos.


INTRODUCTION. The Supplementary Food Program for Older Adults (known by the acronym PACAM) is a Chilean program aimed at preventing and/or supporting elderly individuals' recovery from malnutrition. Poor adherence to PACAM in recent years motivates this study. OBJECTIVES. To understand the reasons for the low adherence of older adults to the consumption of PACAM products (milk drink and a fortified powdered soup known as "Golden Years Cream"), in order to propose alternatives for improving the program based on the interests and preferences of elderly users. METHODS. A qualitative study, with a phenomenological and hermeneutical approach, was conducted, focused on interpreting the meaning of the users' subjective experiences. The study, which was carried out during the first semester of 2017, consisted of 20 semi-structured interviews conducted with older adults of both sexes, who were beneficiaries of PACAM in the Chilean municipality of Hualpén. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Food odor, taste, consistency, preparation, and quantity were some of the organoleptic properties identified by the subjects, while the external factors included quality of life, social networks, the influence of other users, relationships with professionals in the health centers, daily life, and habits.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Nutrition Programs and Policies , Aged/psychology , Treatment Adherence and Compliance , Chile , Interviews as Topic , Eating/psychology , Elderly Nutrition , Motivation
11.
Clinics ; 74: e776, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-989643

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To compare signs and symptoms of dysphagia in individuals with cervical dystonia (CD) before and after application of botulinum toxin (BTX). METHODS: A prospective study was conducted with 20 patients diagnosed with CD with indications for BTX application. We selected 18 patients who met the study inclusion criteria. All individuals were patients from the Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Federal University of São Paulo. BTX was applied in the cervical region at the necessary dose for each individual. To identify signs/complaints of changes in swallowing, we used a specific questionnaire that was completed by patients and/or their companions on the day of BTX injection and repeated 10 to 15 days after BTX injection. RESULTS: Among the 18 study subjects, 15 (83.3%) showed primary and three (16.7%) showed secondary cervical dystonia. The most frequent dystonic movements were rotation (18), tilt (5), forward shift (3), backward shift (7), shoulder elevation (12), shoulder depression (2), and cervical tremor (6). The main complaints reported before BTX application were voice changes in 10 (55.6%), need for adjustment of eating position in 10 (55.6%), coughing and/or choking while eating in nine (50%), and increased eating time in nine (50%) individuals. The main complaints reported after BTX application were coughing and/or choking while eating in 11 (61.1%), voice changes in nine (50%), sensation of food stuck in the throat in eight (44%), and increased eating time in eight (44%) individuals. CONCLUSION: The administration of a swallowing-specific questionnaire to individuals with CD before and after BTX application enabled the identification of possible dysphagia symptoms prior to drug treatment resulting from CD, which are often subsequently interpreted as side effects of the drug treatment. Thus, dysphagia can be managed, and aspiration symptoms can be prevented.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/pharmacology , Deglutition/drug effects , Dystonia/congenital , Neuromuscular Agents/pharmacology , Perception , Deglutition Disorders/psychology , Deglutition Disorders/drug therapy , Case-Control Studies , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Dystonia/psychology , Dystonia/drug therapy , Eating/psychology , Neuromuscular Agents/therapeutic use
12.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 17(1): eAO4418, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-975110

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effects of overnight fasting on handgrip strength of adult inpatients. Methods: A prospective clinical study enrolling 221 adult patients. The endpoints were handgrip strength obtained by dynamometry in three time points (morning after an overnight fasting, after breakfast and after lunch) and the cumulative handgrip strength (mean of handgrip strength after breakfast and lunch) in the same day. The mean of three handgrip strength measures was considered to represent each time point. A cut-off for the mean overnight fasting handgrip strength at the 50th percentile (35.5kg for males and 27.7kg for females) was used for comparisons. We registered the age, sex, current and usual weight (kg), weight loss (kg), diagnosis of cancer, nutritional status, elderly frequency, digestive tract symptoms, type of oral diet, and the amount of dinner ingested the night before handgrip strength (zero intake, until 50%, <100% and 100%). Results: Handgrip strength evaluated after an overnight fasting (31.2±8.7kg) was lesser when compared with handgrip strength after breakfast (31.6±8.8kg; p=0.01), and with cumulative handgrip strength (31.7±8.8kg; p<0.001). Handgrip strength was greater in patients who ingested 100% (33.2±9.1kg versus 30.4±8.4kg; p=0.03) and above 50% of dinner (32.1±8.4kg versus 28.6±8.8kg; p=0.006). Multivariate analysis showed that ingesting below 50% of dinner, severe malnutrition, and elderly were independent factors for handgrip strength reduction after overnight fasting. Conclusion: The muscular function was impaired after an overnight fasting of adult patients hospitalized for medical treatment, especially for those with low ingestion, malnourished and elderly.


RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos do jejum noturno na força muscular de pacientes adultos internados. Métodos: Estudo clínico prospectivo realizado com 221 pacientes adultos. Os desfechos observados foram a força de preensão palmar avaliada pela dinamometria em jejum, após o desjejum, após o almoço, e acumulada (média da força de preensão palmar após desjejum e almoço). Foi considerada a média das três medidas da força de preensão palmar para representar cada momento. O ponto de corte para a média da força de preensão palmar em jejum categorizada no percentil 50 (35,5kg para homens, e 27,7kg para mulheres) foi usado para as comparações. Investigaram-se idade, sexo, peso atual e habitual (kg), perda de peso (kg), diagnóstico de câncer, estado nutricional, frequência de idosos, sintomas do trato digestório, tipo de dieta oral e quantidade ingerida no jantar no dia anterior à mensuração da força de preensão palmar (ingestão zero, até 50%, <100 e 100%). Resultados: A força de preensão palmar após o jejum noturno foi menor que a força após o desjejum (31,1±8,7kg versus 31,6±8,8kg; p=0,01) e quando foi considerada a força acumulada (31,7±8,8kg; p<0,001). A força de preensão palmar em jejum foi maior para os pacientes que ingeriram 100% (33,2±9,1kg versus 30,4±8,4kg; p=0,03) e >50% do jantar (32,1±8,4kg versus 28,6±8,8kg; p=0,006). A análise multivariada mostrou que ingerir menos da metade do jantar, desnutrição grave e ser idoso foram fatores independentes para redução da força de preensão palmar em jejum. Conclusão: A função muscular ficou comprometida após jejum noturno em pacientes adultos internados para tratamento clínico, especialmente nos casos de baixa ingestão alimentar, desnutridos e idosos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Fasting/psychology , Hand Strength/physiology , Inpatients , Reference Values , Time Factors , Logistic Models , Nutritional Status , Multivariate Analysis , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Malnutrition/physiopathology , Eating/psychology , Muscle Strength Dynamometer , Meals/physiology , Middle Aged
13.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 16(4): eAO4368, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-975085

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the dietary intake of cancer patients and its relation with clinical and demographic characteristics, and to assess the contribution of dietary intake, appetite/symptoms and clinical and demographic characteristics to their quality of life. Methods The consumption of energy and macronutrients of patients was estimated. The relation between dietary intake and clinical and demographic characteristics was evaluated by analysis of variance. The intake of energy and macronutrient of the patients was compared to the nutritional recommendations using 95% confidence interval. The Cancer Appetite and Symptom Questionnaire (CASQ) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC QLQ C-30) were used to assess appetite/symptoms and quality of life, respectively. The psychometric properties of the instruments were estimated. A structural equation model was prepared. Results In this study, 772 cancer patients (63.1% women) participated. There was a significant relation between dietary intake and work activity, economic class, specialty field of cancer, type of treatment and nutritional status. Patients' energy and macronutrients intake was below recommended values. Both CASQ and EORTC QLQ C-30 were refined to fit the data. In the structural model, impaired appetite, more symptoms, presence of metastasis, being female and of higher economic classes were characteristics that significantly contributed to interfering in patients' quality of life. Conclusion The dietary intake of oncology patients did not reach the recommended values. Different characteristics impacted on quality of life of patients and should be considered in clinical and epidemiological protocols.


RESUMO Objetivo Estimar a ingestão dietética de pacientes com câncer e sua relação com características clínicas e demográficas, além de verificar a contribuição da ingestão dietética, apetite/sintomas e características clínicas e demográficas para a qualidade de vida deles. Métodos Foi estimado o consumo de energia e de macronutrientes. A relação entre ingestão dietética e características clínicas e demográficas foi avaliada pela análise de variância. A ingestão de energia e macronutrientes dos pacientes foi comparada com a necessidade nutricional, utilizando intervalo de confiança de 95%. O Cancer Appetite and Symptom Questionnaire (CASQ) e o European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC QLQ C-30) foram utilizados para avaliar apetite/sintomas e qualidade de vida, respectivamente. As propriedades psicométricas dos instrumentos foram estimadas. Elaborou-se modelo de equações estruturais. Resultados Participaram do estudo 772 pacientes oncológicos (63,1% mulheres). Observou-se relação significativa entre ingestão dietética e atividade laboral, classe econômica, especialidade do diagnóstico, tipo de tratamento e estado nutricional. O consumo de energia e macronutrientes dos pacientes esteve abaixo do recomendado. Tanto o CASQ quando o EORTC QLQ C-30 foram refinados para bom ajustamento aos dados. No modelo estrutural, comprometimento do apetite, maior acometimento por sintomas, presença de metástase, ser mulher e pertencer às classes econômicas mais altas foram características que contribuíram significativamente para o comprometimento da qualidade de vida dos pacientes oncológicos. Conclusão A ingestão dietética dos pacientes oncológicos não atingiu os níveis recomendados. Diferentes características impactaram na qualidade de vida dos pacientes e devem ser consideradas em protocolos clínicos e epidemiológicos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Quality of Life , Nutritional Status , Eating/psychology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Neoplasms/psychology , Appetite , Socioeconomic Factors , Energy Intake , Nutrients , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/therapy
14.
São Paulo; s.n; 2015. 144 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-790655

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Comportamentos alimentares inadequados, inatividade física e maior tempo despendido na frente da televisão e-ou computadores são frequentes entre adolescentes e aumentam o risco para o ganho de peso. Destaca-se a importância em abordar adolescentes com estratégias de intervenção para a promoção da saúde. Objetivo: avaliar o efeito da intervenção sobre o estado nutricional, ingestão dietética, atividade física e comportamentos sedentários de lazer. Métodos: É um ensaio comunitário randomizado controlado com adolescentes do sexo feminino, matriculadas em 10 escolas técnicas públicas da cidade de São Paulo. O estudo está registrado na plataforma ClinicalTrials.gov e segue o checklist do CONSORT. A intervenção foi adaptada do estudo NEAT Girls em referência a Teoria Social Cognitiva e teve duração de seis meses. Foram avaliados o peso, a estatura e a circunferência da cintura, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e IMC z-score. O consumo alimentar foi avaliado com o questionário de frequência alimentar validado. A atividade física pelo questionário que avalia os três níveis de atividade física de lazer e os comportamentos sedentários de lazer por um questionário auto-relatado. Foi realizada estatística descritiva dos dados, os testes do qui-quadrado, t-student independe e o modelo linear misto para as análises dos dados com nível alpha de significância de 5 por cento.


Introduction: Inadequate eating behaviors, physical inactivity and increase time spent on TV and computers are often among adolescents and increase the risk for weight gain. It highlights the importance to target adolescent in intervention strategies to promote health. Objective: evaluate the intervention effect on the nutritional status, dietary intake, physical activity and leisure sedentary behaviors. Methods: It is a group randomized controlled trial with female adolescents attending 10 public schools from São Paulo. The study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov and follows the CONSORT checklist. The intervention was adapted from the NEAT Girls study in reference of the Social Cognitive Theory with 6 months duration. It was accessed weight, height, waist circumference, body mass index and body mass index Z-score. The food consumption was evaluated using a food frequency validated questionnaire. Physical activity was evaluated by a questionnaire that assesses the three levels of leisure-time physical activity and leisure sedentary behaviors using a self-reported questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, chi-squared, student-t and linear mixed models were used to analyze the data with a level of significance of 5 per cent . All analyses followed intention-to-treat principles. Results: Participated 254 adolescents (16.05 [EP 0.05] years), 142 and 111 from intervention and control groups, respectively.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Eating/psychology , Motor Activity , Nutritional Status , Obesity/prevention & control , Sedentary Behavior , Eating , Randomized Controlled Trial
15.
São Paulo; s.n; 2015. 85 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-782195

ABSTRACT

A síndrome metabólica (SM) é frequente em idosos. A alimentação influencia a prevalência, constituindo uma das variáveis de risco modificáveis, com impacto positivo no controle da doença. Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre SM e padrões alimentares de indivíduos idosos do município de São Paulo. Métodos: Estudo transversal que utilizou os dados do Estudo SABE: epidemiológico, de coortes e de base domiciliar. A população deste estudo incluiu idosos ( 60 anos), de ambos os sexos, selecionados por amostra probabilística, e entrevistados em 2010, pertencentes a três coortes A/2000 (n=630), B/2006 (n=214) e C/2010 (n=311). As variáveis de estudo foram: a) referidas: sexo, idade, escolaridade, ingestão de bebida alcoólica, tabagismo, atividade física e número de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis; b) mensuradas: SM, identificada segundo os critérios do National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) sendo circunferência da cintura > 102 cm, para homens, e > 88 cm, para mulheres; pressão arterial 130 e/ou 85 mmHg (obtidas por entrevistadores previamente treinados); triacilgliceróis 150 mg/dL; High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) colesterol < 40 mg/dL, para homens e < 50 mg/dL, para mulheres; glicemia de jejum >100 mg/dL (por meio de amostra sanguínea); obesidade, classificada pelo índice de massa corporal 30kg/m2. Os dados de alimentação foram obtidos por meio de entrevista domiciliar registrando-os em formulário específico, com 107 alimentos, classificados em 18 grupos de alimentos. Os padrões alimentares foram determinados pela análise fatorial exploratória por componentes principais. Foram utilizados teste de qui-quadrado de Rao & Scott para amostragem complexa, bem como regressão logística múltipla, com nível de significância de 5 por cento . O programa estatístico STATA 13.1 foi adotado para os cálculos...


Metabolic syndrome (MS) is common in elderly people. The feeding influences its prevalence constituting one of the modifiable risk factor, with positive impact on the disease control. Objective: To investigate the association between MS and dietary patterns of older adults from São Paulo city. Methods: Cross-sectional study that used data from the SABE survey: epidemiological, cohort based and home-dweling. The study population included elderly individuals ( 60 years old), both sexes, selected by probability sampling, and interviewed in 2010, belonging to three cohorts A/2000 (n = 630), B/2006 (n = 214) and C / 2010 (n = 311). The study variables were: a) referred: gender, age, education, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, number of chronic noncommunicable diseases; b) measured: MS, identified according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII): waist circumference > 102 cm for men, and > 88 cm for women; blood pressure 130 and/or 85 mmHg (obtained by trained interviewers); triglycerides 150 mg/dL; high density lipoprotein cholesterol < 40 mg/dL for men, and < 50 mg/dL for women; fasting glucose > 100 mg/dL (through blood samples); obesity, c classified by body mass index 30 kg/m2. The feeding data were obtained by one specific food frequency questionnaire with 107 foods, classified into 18 food groups. Dietary patterns were determined by exploratory factor analysis of principal components. Rao & Scott and multiple logistic regression for complex sample were used, with 5 per cent significance level. The statistical software STATA 13.1 was adopted for calculations...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Analytical Epidemiology , Feeding Behavior , Eating/psychology , Logistic Models , Metabolic Syndrome , Aging , Cohort Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Factor Analysis, Statistical
16.
Salud pública Méx ; 56(2): 165-179, mar.-abr. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-713743

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Determinar la validez de contenido y de constructo de la versión mexicana del cuestionario Pro Children Project para evaluar factores psicosociales, asociados con el consumo de fruta y verdura en muestras de niños escolares de 10 a 12 años. Material y métodos. Cuestionario de 87 reactivos, aplicado en un estudio instrumental, realizado en 2011 a 2084 niños en Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México. Resultados. El acuerdo entre expertos fue bueno (Kappa=0.69) y muy bueno entre niños (kappa=0.93). Siete factores explican el 37.87% de la varianza en fruta y el 48.18% en verdura. Los valores alfa de Cronbach fueron de bajos a moderados (0.55-0.83). Se confirma una estructura interna de siete factores de primer orden en fruta y de seis en verdura. Conclusión. El cuestionario provee validez suficiente para la evaluación global de factores psicosociales asociados con el consumo de fruta y verdura en niños escolares de 10 a 12 años. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones de los hallazgos en la adaptación del instrumento para su posible aplicación en la evaluación de factores psicosociales del consumo de fruta y verdura y para futuras investigaciones con este instrumento.


Objective. To determine content and construct validity for the Mexican version of Pro Children Project questionnaire for assessing psychosocial factors, related to fruit and vegetable intake in samples of 10-12 year-old schoolchildren. Materials and methods. The questionnaire consisted of 87 items. It was administered to 2084 children in an instrumental study conducted in 2011 in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico. Results. Kappa statistic resulted in good agreement between experts (kappa=0.69), very good agreement in children (kappa=0.93). Seven factors were obtained that explained 37.87% of the variance in fruit and 48.18% of the variance in vegetable. Cronbach's alpha values were low to moderate (range 0.55 to 0.83). An internal structure of seven first order factors was confirmed in fruits and six linked to vegetables. Conclusion. The questionnaire provides sufficient validity for assessing psychosocial factors related to fruit and vegetable intake in 10-12 year old schoolchildren. Finally, implications of the findings in the test adaptation process for assessing psychosocial factors of fruit and vegetable intake and for future research in this instrument are discussed.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Diet/psychology , Eating/psychology , Fruit , Surveys and Questionnaires , Vegetables , Mexico , Reproducibility of Results
17.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 83(5): 431-437, oct. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-662209

ABSTRACT

Background: It has been observed that some psychological factors tend to stimulate food intake in the absence of hunger in obese children. objective: To evaluate whether obese children have a greater tendency to eat in the absence of hunger, in response to various emotional and environmental factors versus normal weight children. subjects and Methods: Obese patients were selected according to NCHS/CDC2000 (n = 49 and n = 99 for non-obese children), males and females in the age group of 6-12 years who consulted in the UC health network and also children that were evaluated in schools located in southeastern Santiago. The questionnaire "Eating in the absence of hunger" was used, which measures three subscales: external stimuli, fatigue/boredom and negative feelings. results: Factor analysis showed a significant degree of overlap between the "fatigue/boredom" and "negative feelings" subscales. Obese children had higher scores on "external stimuli" versus normal weight children (median 2.7 compared to 1.7, p < 0.001). In the "fatigue/boredom" subscale, scores of 2.5 versus 1.2 (p < 0.001) were obtained, while in "negative feelings", scores reported 2.0 versus 1.2 (p = 0.0013). Conclusions: Obese patients reported higher scores on the questionnaire "Eating in the absence of hunger" than non-obese children, identifying modifiable and educable stimuli that could prevent this eating behavior.


Introducción: Se ha observado que en los niños obesos, algunos factores psicológicos tienden a estimular la ingesta de alimentos en ausencia de hambre. objetivo: Evaluar si los niños obesos presentan mayor tendencia a comer en ausencia de hambre, en respuesta a distintos factores emocionales y ambientales, en comparación con niños normopeso. Pacientes y Método: Se seleccionaron pacientes obesos según NCHS/CDC2000 (n = 49) y normopeso (n = 99) de ambos sexos y con edades entre 6-12 años, que consultaron en forma espontánea en la Red de Salud UC y niños evaluados en colegios del sector suroriente de Santiago. Se aplicó el cuestionario "Comer en ausencia de hambre" que mide tres subescalas: Estímulos externos, cansancio/aburrimiento y sentimientos negativos. resultados: El análisis factorial reveló un importante grado de solapamiento entre las ponderaciones de las subescalas "cansancio/aburrimiento" y "sentimientos negativos". Los niños con obesidad presentaron mayores puntajes en la dimensión "estímulos externos" que los niños normopeso (mediana de 2,7 versus 1,7; p < 0,001). En "cansancio/aburrimiento" se obtuvieron puntajes de 2,5 versus 1,2 (p < 0,001) mientras que en "sentimientos negativos" los puntajes fueron 2,0 versus 1,2 (p = 0,0013). Conclusiones: Los pacientes obesos presentaron mayores puntajes en la encuesta alimentaria "Comer en ausencia de hambre" que los niños normopeso, pudiendo identificarse estímulos modificables y educables que podrían prevenir esta conducta alimentaria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Feeding Behavior , Eating/psychology , Obesity/etiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Hunger/physiology , Obesity/psychology
19.
São Paulo; s.n; 2012. 76 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-643252

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A estimativa da ingestão habitual de alimentos requer o uso de técnicas estatísticas apropriadas. Para alguns alimentos, é possível observar consumo igual a zero em um ou vários dias de coleta, mesmo em indivíduos que os consomem periodicamente. Assim, os métodos devem ser capazes de tratar duas questões: 1) a distribuição com zero inflacionado; e 2) a correlação existente entre a probabilidade de consumir um alimento e a quantidade (tamanho da porção) consumida do mesmo. Objetivo: Investigar aspectos metodológicos do um método para estimar o consumo habitual de alimentos, bem como sua aplicação em estudo na população. Métodos: Inicialmente, utilizando amostra do National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2008, foram estimadas distribuição do consumo habitual de vegetais verdes escuros a partir de amostras de diferentes tamanhos e diferentes percentuais de indivíduos com dois recordatórios de 24 horas (R24h). Posteriormente, foram utilizados dados do Inquérito de Saúde de São Paulo, estudo transversal, de base populacional, (n=716), cujos participantes responderam dois R24 horas e um questionário de freqüência alimentar (QFA). Verificou-se o efeito da inclusão do QFA como co-variável na melhora da predição do modelo do consumo de alimentos. Por fim, utilizando modelagem bivariada, estimou-se a ingestão habitual de porções de grupos alimentares recomendado pelo Guia Alimentar para População Brasileira, e calculou-se o percentual de indivíduo que não atingiram a recomendação. Para os três propósitos, a ingestão habitual foi estimada pelo método do National Cancer Institute. Resultados: A precisão das estimativas de consumo habitual reduziu quando menores taxas de replicação foram utilizadas. Para estudos que objetivam o cálculo da média ou o percentual de indivíduos com consumo abaixo de um dado ponto de corte, a redução da precisão pode não representar um importante viés. Para alimentos com elevado percentual de não consumidores, a inclusão simultânea do QFA e de uma variável indicadora de consumo resultou em melhor predição, ressaltando que a inclusão de somente a variável indicadora já se mostrou satisfatória.


Subject(s)
Bias , Diet Surveys , Eating , Eating/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cross-Sectional Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Epidemiologic Methods , Nutritional Sciences
20.
Cad. saúde pública ; 27(2): 335-346, fev. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-598419

ABSTRACT

Com objetivo de identificar perfis de consumo e de comportamentos alimentares e descrever suas prevalências, aplicou-se o método Grade of Membership em dados de um inquérito sobre fatores de risco à saúde de adolescentes do ensino fundamental da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (N = 1.632). Foram gerados quatro perfis: perfil "A" (12,1 por cento), caracterizado pelo consumo frequente de todos os alimentos marcadores de dieta saudável, menos frequente dos alimentos não saudáveis e pela presença de comportamentos alimentares saudáveis; perfil "B" (45,8 por cento), marcado pelo hábito de realizar o desjejum e três refeições/dia, consumo menos frequente de legumes e frutas e de cinco dos marcadores de alimentação não saudável; perfil "C" (22,8 por cento), ausência de comportamentos alimentares saudáveis e pelo consumo menos frequente de legumes, frutas, leite, embutidos, biscoitos e refrigerantes; e perfil "D", caracterizado pelo consumo frequente de todos os alimentos não saudáveis e menos frequente de legumes e frutas. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de promoção da alimentação saudável nesta população.


To identify food patterns and eating behaviors among adolescents and to describe the prevalence rates, this study applied the Grade of Membership method to data from a survey on health risk factors among adolescent students in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (N = 1,632). The four profiles generated were: "A" (12.1 percent) more frequent consumption of all foods labeled as healthy, less frequent consumption of unhealthy foods, and healthy eating behaviors; "B" (45.8 percent) breakfast and three meals a day as a habit, less frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables and of five markers of unhealthy diet; "C" (22.8 percent) lack of healthy eating behaviors, less frequent consumption of vegetables, fruit, milk, cold cuts, cookies, and soft drinks; and "D" (19.3 percent) more frequent consumption of all unhealthy foods and less frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables. The results indicate the need for interventions to promote healthy eating in this age group.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Adolescent Behavior , Diet , Eating/psychology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Brazil , Diet Surveys , Feeding Behavior , Fuzzy Logic , Health Behavior , Nutritional Status , Socioeconomic Factors
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